Rinjani (Indonesia)

Status Normal Eruption 2016 3726m
Stratovolcano (Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km))

Rinjani volcano on the island of Lombok rises to 3726 m, second in height among Indonesian volcanoes only to Sumatra's Kerinci volcano. Rinjani has a steep-sided conical profile when viewed from the east, but the west side of the compound volcano is truncated by the 6 x 8.5 km, oval-shaped Segara Anak (Samalas) caldera. The caldera formed during one of the largest Holocene eruptions globally in 1257 CE, which truncated Samalas stratovolcano. The western half of the caldera contains a 230-m-deep lake whose crescentic form results from growth of the post-caldera cone Barujari at the east end of the caldera. Historical eruptions dating back to 1847 have been restricted to Barujari cone and consist of moderate explosive activity and occasional lava flows that have entered Segara Anak lake.

The majestic Segara Anak lake fills the caldera of Rinjani volcano on Lombok Island. The post-caldera cinder cone is Gunung Baru (new mountain). The summit of Rinjani volcano on the island rises to 3726 m, the second highest of Indonesian volcanoes. The steep-sided conical profile of Rinjani as seen from the east is truncated by the 6 x 8.5 km, Segara Anak caldera. Historical eruptions at Rinjani dating back to 1847 have consisted of moderate explosive activity and occasional lava flows from the post-caldera cone.

Photo by Benjamin Barbier, 2007 (Universite Libre de Bruxelles).

Last updated 2024-04-19 02:25:18